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The Ganz Machinery Works Holding is a Hungary holding company. Its products are related to rail transport, power generation, and water supply, among other industries. About us, Ganz-holding.hu
The original Ganz Works or Ganz ( or Ganz Művek, Ganz companies, formerly Ganz and Partner Iron Mill and Machine Factory) operated between 1845 and 1949 in Budapest, Hungary. It was named after Ábrahám Ganz, the founder and manager of the company. Ganz is probably best known for the manufacture of tramcars, but was also a pioneer in the application of three-phase alternating current to electric railways.
Ganz also made ships (through its Ganz Danubius division), bridge steel structures ( Ganz Acélszerkezet) and high-voltage equipment ( Ganz Transelektro). In the early 20th century the company experienced its heyday and became the third-largest industrial enterprise in the Kingdom of Hungary after the Manfréd Weiss Steel and Metal Works and the MÁVAG company.
Since 1989, various parts of Ganz have been taken over by other companies.
During the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 the foundry made ten cannons and many cannonballs for the Hungarian army. Because of this, the Military Court of Austria impeached him. He got seven weeks in prison as penalty, but because of his Swiss citizenship he was acquitted of the charge.3
Ganz recognized that, to develop his factory, he had to make products that were mass-produced. In 1846 the Pest-Vác railway line was built. At that time, European foundries made wrought iron rims for spoked wagon wheels by pouring the casts in shapes in sand, and leaving them to cool down. He successfully developed a railway wheel casting technology; it was the new method of "crust-casting" to produce cheap yet sturdy iron railway wheels, which greatly contributed to the rapid railway development in Central Europe. 86,074 pieces of hard cast wheels had been sold to 59 European railway companies until 1866. Consequently, this factory played an important role in building the infrastructure of the Hungarian Kingdom and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. At this time the agricultural machines, , pumps and the were the main products. At the beginning of the 20th century, 60 to 80% of the factory's products were sold for export.
After the death of Abraham Ganz, the heirs entrusted the management of the factory to his direct colleagues at Ganz Művek: Antal Eichleter, Ulrik Keller and Andreas Mechwart, which then took the name Ganz & Co. The Ganz family sold the company, which consisted of five departments, and in April 1869 it was transformed into a joint-stock company, and continued its operations under the name of "Ganz és Társa vasontöde és Gépgyár Rt." (Ganz & Partners Iron Foundry and Machine Factory Co.) The technical director was András Mechwart, under whose direction Ganz became one of the most important groups of machine building companies in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy after 1869.
At the end of the 19th century, the products of the Ganz and Partner Iron Mill and Machine Factory (hereinafter referred to as Ganz Works) promoted the expansion of alternating-current power transmissions.
In 1878, the company began producing equipment for electric lighting and, by 1883, had installed over fifty systems in Austria-Hungary. Their AC systems used arc and incandescent lamps, generators, and other equipment.
The missing link of a full Voltage Sensitive/Voltage Intensive (VSVI) system was the reliable alternating current constant voltage generator. Therefore, the invention of the constant voltage generator by the Ganz Works in 1883 had a crucial role in the beginnings of industrial scale AC power generation, because only these types of generators can produce a stable output voltage, regardless of the actual load.
The transformer patents described two basic principles. Loads were to be connected in parallel, not in series as had been the general practice until 1885. Additionally, the inventors described the closed armature as an essential part of the transformer. Both factors assisted the stabilisation of voltage under varying load, and allowed definition of standard voltages for distribution and loads. The parallel connection and efficient closed core made construction of electrical distribution systems technically and economically feasible.
The Ganz Works built the first transformers using iron plating of enamelled mild iron wire, and started to use laminated cores to eliminate eddy currents
Following the introduction of the transformer, the Ganz Works changed over to production of alternating-current equipment. For instance, Rome's electricity was supplied by hydroelectric plant and long-distance energy transfer. Hungarian Inventors and their Inventions
File:Ganz Transformers december 1886.jpg|Ganz Transformers in december 1886 File:Turbinaszerelés.jpg|construction of a ''Ganz'' water [[turbo generator]] (1886) File:PSM V56 D0433 Direct connected electric railway generator.png|PSM V56 D0433 direct connected [[electric railway]] generator (1899) File:Blathy in a Ganz turbogenerator.jpg|Ottó Bláthy in the armature of a [[turbo generator]] (1904) File:ZEMP244.jpg|Ganz 21.000 kW [[Transformer]] (1911, weight: 38t) File:A Ganz Gyár csarnoka, Budapest, Kisrókus utca (1922) Fortepan 95160.jpg|A generator assembly hall of the ''Ganz Works'' (1922) File:Gorskii 04414u.jpg|[[Alternator]]s in a hydroelectric station on the [[Murghab River]]. File:Generator-20071117.jpg|Generator in [[Zwevegem]], [[West Flanders]], [[Belgium]]
target="_blank" rel="nofollow"> The development and heyday of mechanical science (Hungarian) Link
The contract between Ganz and Egypt in the 1930s played a key role in the development of cooling equipment: railcars delivered to Egypt were equipped with air-conditioning cooling systems. The collective of the Ganz factory (machine designers: Gábor Hollerung, Rezső Oláh, István Pfeifer, Prónai) designed and built the 3-cylinder, 20 kW compressors with freon refrigerant, air condenser and evaporator. The machine could also be converted to heat pump operation. The development and heyday of mechanical science (Hungarian) Link
Ganz produced engines whose designs were licensed to Western European partners, notably in the United Kingdom and Italy.
The electricity was produced in a dedicated power station and the system operated for thirty years from 1902. Italian railways were the first in the world to introduce electric traction for the entire length of a main line rather than just a short stretch. The 106 km Valtellina line was opened on 4 September 1902, designed by Kandó and a team from the Ganz works. The voltage was significantly higher than used earlier and it required new designs for electric motors and switching devices. The three-phase two-wire system was used on several railways in Northern Italy and became known as "the Italian system". Kandó was invited in 1905 to undertake the management of Società Italiana Westinghouse and led the development of several Italian electric locomotives.
File:AEGV gőzmotorkocsi.JPG|The first steam railcar built by Ganz and de Dion-Bouton
File:Ganz engine Valtellina.jpg|Ganz AC electric locomotive prototype (1901 [[Valtellina]], Italy)
File:RA 361 Ganz Valtellina.jpg|Electric locomotive RA 361 (later FS Class E.360) by Ganz for the Valtellina line, 1904
File:V50.jpg|The first locomotive with a phase converter was Kando's V50 locomotive (only for demonstration and testing purposes)
File:Vasútállomás, Ganz gyártmányú Árpád sorozatú (TAS) sínautóbusz. Fortepan 23230.jpg|Árpád Diesel railbus in 1937
File:Provincia del Chubut - Bariloche - Ganz 2.jpg|Ganz train on the Ferrocarriles Patagónicos railway in Argentina (1945)
File:BASA-PZ-643-8-6-16-Diesel railcar, Avramovo-Saint Petka Station.jpg|Ganz [[diesel railcar]] on Septemvri-Dobrinishte narrow gauge line, [[Bulgaria]], 1950-1963
File:V63.jpg|A series V63 Ganz-MÁVAG electric locomotive of Hungarian State Railways
File:EM_1367_leading_a_southbound_4_car_set_as_the_morning_sun_breaks_through_the_clouds,_near_Epuni_-_17_May_2003.jpg|[[Tranz Metro]] EM class Ganz-MÁVAG unit in service in the Hutt Valley, New Zealand
File:19880816-TRIPOLIS-GANZ-A6463.jpg|[[Metre gauge]] Ganz-MÁVAG [[trainset]] of Hellenic Railways Organisation (OSE) at Tripoli, [[Greece]]
File:Budapest Ganz-built articulated tram 1443 at Batthyány tér terminus in 2007.jpg|Ganz-MÁVAG [[CSMG|Ganz CSMG]] tram for the Budapest tram (2007)
In 1982/83 Ganz-Mávag supplied an order for electric multiple units to New Zealand Railways Corporation for Wellington suburban services. The order was made in 1979, and was for 44 powered units and 44 trailer units, see New Zealand EM class electric multiple unit.
File:The assembly of a SM U-31 submarine in the Ganz-Danubius company.jpg|The back of the SM U-29 [[submarine]] during assembly (24 April 1916)
File:Novaral.jpg|The battle-damaged after a victorious [[naval battle]]
File:Szent Istvan.jpg|Austro-Hungarian built [[dreadnought]] class [[battleship]] at [[Pula]] (military dock)
File:The construction of SMS Szent Istvan.webm|construction of SMS Szent István [[battleship]] in the Ganz Danubius shipyard in [[Rijeka]] (filmed 1912)
Before 1919, the company built ocean liners, dreadnought type and , , Iván Boldizsár: NHQ; the New Hungarian Quarterly, Volume 16, Issue 2; Volume 16, Issues 59–60, p. 128Hungarian Technical Abstracts: Magyar Műszaki Lapszemle, Volumes 10–13, p. 41 and many types of fighter aircraft.Iván T. Berend: Case Studies on Modern European Economy: Entrepreneurship, Inventions, and Institutions, p. 151
The world's first turboprop engine was the Jendrassik Cs-1 designed by the Hungarian mechanical engineer György Jendrassik. It was built and tested in the Ganz factory in Budapest between 1939 and 1942. It was planned to be fitted to the Varga RMI-1 X/H twin-engined reconnaissance bomber designed by László Varga in 1940, but the program was cancelled. Jendrassik had also designed a small-scale 75 kW turboprop in 1937.
In 1974, the locomotive and wagon Works were merged under the name of Railway Vehicle Factory and then the machine construction branch went through significant development. The production of industrial and apartment house Elevator became a new branch. Ganz-MÁVAG took over a lot of smaller plants in the 1960s and 1970s and their product range was extended. Among other things, they increased their bridge-building capacity. They made iron structures for several Tisza bridges, for the Erzsébet Bridge in Budapest, for public road bridges in Yugoslavia and for several industrial halls.
The Ganz Shipyard experienced its most productive times during the four decades following nationalisation. In the course of this period 1100 ship units were produced, the number of completed seagoing ships was 240 and that of floating cranes was 663. As a result of the great economic and social crises of the 1980s, Ganz-MÁVAG had to be reorganised. The company was transformed into seven independent Works and three .
In 2006, the power transmission and distribution sectors of Ganz Transelektro were acquired by Crompton Greaves, Ganz is now CG Retrieved 2009-11-28. but still doing business under the Ganz brand name, while the unit dealing with electric traction (propulsion and control systems for electric vehicles) was acquired by Škoda Transportation and is now a part of Škoda Electric.
Now the plant is operated by a new investor as a tenant, Ganz Transformer Motor and Manufacturing Ltd., after the previous owner was unable to finance the production.
1991: Joint Venture with Italian Ansaldo named Ganz Ansaldo Ltd.
1994: Air-cooled turbogenerator from 20 up to 70MVA
1998: Development of double-cage induction motor for twin-drives first on the world
2000: Acquisition by Tranelektro Group under name of Ganz-Transelektro
2001: Developed 1MW ExN Non-sparking gasturbine starter motors for GE
2002: First transformer in the world for 123 kV with ester liquid
2006: Became a Part of Crompton Greaves Ltd as CG Electric Systerms Hungary
2010: Start of manufacturing Safety Class 3&4 motors for Nuclear Power Plants
2018: Developing VFD-driven Increased Safety LVAC motors for driving OEM pumps used in Oil&gas fields
2020: Establishment of Ganz Transformer Motor and Generator Ltd., Ganz brand back in Hungarian ownership
The Transformer division specializes in the design, manufacture and testing of substation transformers, generation transformers, auxiliary transformers, mobile transformers and traction transformers from 20 to 600 MVA (1000 MVA for autotransformers) from 52 to 800 kV.
The production of three-phase, alternating current induction motors began in the factory in 1894. Through the 90's Ganz has developed more advanced motors with decreased total weight, increased efficiency and low noise levels in order to satisfy the actual needs of the market and all conditions of the industrial application and to conform to IEC, NEMA, ATEX and EAC standards.
GIS Service division performs onsite works like maintenance, inspection, modification, overhaul, extensions on former GANZ and other brands of switchgears. The activity is mainly focused on the existing substations and equipment.
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